![Capacitor Filter](data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzNjkiIGhlaWdodD0iMTgwIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzY5IDE4MCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6I2NmZDRkYjtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6IDAuMTsiLz48L3N2Zz4=)
Filter circuits are used to remove the AC components or filter them out in a rectifier circuit.
![Circuit Time Constant on RC high pass Circuit](data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI0ODUiIGhlaWdodD0iMzQyIiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgNDg1IDM0MiI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6I2NmZDRkYjtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6IDAuMTsiLz48L3N2Zz4=)
Fig. 1 shows the series RC high-pass filter circuit. In such circuit, the output is taken across the resistor and practically reactance of the capacitor decrease with increasing frequency.
![RCL Damping Characteristics](data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzNDAiIGhlaWdodD0iNDk2IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgMzQwIDQ5NiI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6I2NmZDRkYjtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6IDAuMTsiLz48L3N2Zz4=)
Consider the series RLC filter circuit shows in Fig. 1(a). If a unit step function is applied, we see that
![RL Peaking Coil](data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI0NTEiIGhlaWdodD0iMjA4IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgNDUxIDIwOCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6I2NmZDRkYjtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6IDAuMTsiLz48L3N2Zz4=)
Simple RC circuits are not used in switching circuits, especially, in integrated circuit. However, inductors are still used, as in the case of current sweep generation, tunnel diode monostable and astable circuits.
![Circuit time Constant on RC low pass filter circuit](data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSI1NDkiIGhlaWdodD0iMzY0IiB2aWV3Qm94PSIwIDAgNTQ5IDM2NCI+PHJlY3Qgd2lkdGg9IjEwMCUiIGhlaWdodD0iMTAwJSIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6I2NmZDRkYjtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6IDAuMTsiLz48L3N2Zz4=)
Fig. 1 shows the series RC low pass filter circuit. This circuit is identical with that of high-pass filter circuit except for the fact that the output is now taken across